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FERHRI proceedings "Hydrometeorological Processes on the Shelf: Impact Assessment on the Water".
Publisher: "Dalnauka", DVO RAN Chief editor: Dr. Kochergin I.E. The proceedings can be ordered at: 690600, 24, Fontannaya st., Vladivostok, Russia Kochergin I.E., Department of Engineering Oceanology and Ecological Design (DEO) or by e-mail: deo@ferhri.ru Phone: +7 (4232) 26-73-52 |
Abstracts of the proceedings are given below:
UDC 551.584 (571.642):620.9
Assessment of weather-climatic conditions of Sakhalin for energetics
/ Dashko N. A., Varlamov S. M., Pestereva N. M. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 7-14.
Influence of Sakhalin weather-climatic conditions on the fault rate in energetics is described. Statistics on the accidents caused by hydrometeorological events is considered. Specific features of different seasons, as well as additional hydrometeorological factors enhancing the fault rate in coastal areas are accounted. Hydrometeorological factors causing accidents are distinguished on the basis of the investigation fulfilled. Total effect of the extreme hydrometeorological factors on the energy producing objects is analyzed. Recommendations on how to account temporal losses caused by the extreme weather conditions taking place in course of construction activity are developed.
UDC 551.466.32 (571.642)
Wind and wave regime in the coastal area of north-eastern Sakhalin
/ Dashko N. A., Varlamov S. M., Kochergin I. E. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 14-28.
Characteristics of wind-wave regime in the coastal area of northeastern Sakhalin are specified over on-route ship observations and other data sources. Method of data preparation is described. Statistics on wind-wave regime and seasonal changes of spectral characteristics are considered with special attention paid to reoccurrence of strong winds and storms, as well as to the extreme wind velocity and wave height. Wind regime of the western Sea of Okhotsk is analyzed. Statistical dependence of wave formation upon wind characteristics and time period of their effect is investigated.
UDC 551.515.2
Structural changes of typhoon enteringthe areas of local coastal upwelling and isle ridge
/ Dubina V. A., Tunegolovets V. P. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 28-38.
Influence of underlying surface on structure and evolution of tropical cyclones in the divergence zone of Central Vietnam and Philippine Archipelago was investigated. Among 342 tropical cyclones developed over the South China Sea 36 crossed upwelling zone. Only one tropical depression in 1994 and tropical cyclone 7218 took place in June-September in the period of local coastal upwelling development. The expected weakening of cyclones was not registered. Most of 133 tropical cyclones entering the South China Sea from the east for some time moved southward, then turned to traditional trajectories.
UDC 551.574.42:629.12 (265.54 + 265.53 +265.51)
Synoptic conditions of ship icing in the far eastern seas
/ Petrov A. G. // FEHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 38-45.
Synoptic conditions of ship icing observed in the Far Eastern Seas are considered. The results of previous investigations and analysis of over 1000 synoptic situations of ship icing are described. On-route ship observations are used. Analytical results are summed up in the generalized table on the Seas of Japan, Okhotsk, and Bering.
UDC 551.574.42:629.12 (265.54)
Ship icing characteristics in the sea of japan
/ Petrov A. G. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 45-52
Detailed ship icing characteristics and research problems this dangerous phenomenon may pose are considered. The results of previous and new research based on the analysis of 5500 on-route ship observations carried out in the Sea of Japan are presented. Reoccurrence of ship icing events, their reasons, intensity, and weather conditions are described. Reoccurrence of quantity distribution of observations over the ice cover thickness is considered. It is shown that despite the absolute majority of icing events to be slow icing, fast icing occurs sufficiently often and makes up 10%. Spray icing was registered as the main type. In most cases atmospheric fall-out or favorable conditions accompanied icing of ships.
UDC 551.462.32 (571.462)
Availability of deep-sea oceanographic data for the okhotsk part of sakhalin shelf
/ Rykov N. A. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 52-61.
Qualitative and quantitative composition of historical deep-sea oceanographic data collected at the Regional Oceanographic Data Center of FERHRI and their spatial distribution in summer and autumn within 20x20 cartographic minutes grid is considered. Quad assessments of mean-year seasonal seawater density are made. On sea surface the least confidential probability of mean assessments was registered in the coastal areas of central and northern Sakhalin. Under the jump layer, starting from depth 20 m, confidential probability assessments notably increase.
UDC 551.466.78 (571.642)
Peculiar tidal regime of north-eastern Sakhalin shelf
/ Putov V. F., Shevchenko G. V. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 61-82.
Low and high tidal regimes of northeastern Sakhalin shelf is analyzed on the basis of stationary every-hour observations of sea level carried out in the Nabil Bay ( long-term), Piltun, Chajvo, Nynsky, and Lunsky Bays and on rigs (short-term). Considerable inter-year and seasonal variability of tidal wave amplitudes and phases is registered. Detailed spatial variability of half-day and daily harmonics, the character and maximal values of tidal level is considered. Tidal currents are analyzed separately.
UDC 551.461 ( 265.51 )
Extreme sea levels observed in the russian part of Bering sea coast
/ Savel'yev A. B. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 82-89.
Maximal and minimal sea levels of the Russian part of Bering Sea coast observed at 8 station-sites are considered. Theoretic distribution functions of the extreme sea level fluctuations are calculated by means of the method based on approximation of the empiric distribution function over the dual exponential law. The extreme levels of rare reoccurrence are assessed on the basis of theoretic functions.
UDC 551.465.4 (571.642)
Turbulent characteristics parametrization for typical conditions of north-eastern Sakhalin shelf
/ Bogdanovsky A. A., Kochergin I. E. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 82-102.
Three-dimensional diffusive-advective model based on the method of Ówandering particlesÔ is worked out for pollution transport assessments. The equations of the shift instability theory associating dispersion of component velocities with the Richardson criterion are developed to account turbulent pulsation. Typical conditions of pollution transport on the northeastern Sakhalin shelf are described. Sedimentation rates of solids in different seasons are calculated. Seasonal dispersion of turbulent pulsation for typical meteorological situations in the area under study is estimated.
UDC 504.42.054 (265.54)
Complex quantitative assessment of the sources polluting the sea adjacent to Vladivostok
/ Gavrilevsky A. V., Gavrilova T. A., Kochergin I. E. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 102-113.
Information on the sources polluting Peter the Great Bay adjacent to Vladivostok was collected and analyzed. Processes contributing pollutants to the investigated sea from outside in the amounts sufficient to change background concentrations in a limited zone are considered as sources. Basic types of pollution sources are distinguished. List of pollutants that can be used for correct assessments of integral characteristics of pollution sources is presented. Volumes and composition of pollutants contributed to the investigated sea are assessed on the basis of the selected data. Relative impact of sources contributing pollution to the coastal zone is analyzed.
UDC 551.46.09:628.5
Assessment of marine environment quality near vladivostok using pollutant concentrations in mussles and bottom sediments
/ Tkalin A. V. // FERHRI Proceedings, Special Issue. 1998. P. 114-125.
Results of analysis of radionuclides, trace metals and chlorinated hydrocarbons in bottom sediments and mussels are discussed. Sampling was carried out in Amursky and Ussuriysky Bays near Vladivostok in 1996. Measured activities of radionuclides were at background level caused by their atmospheric fallout and subsecuent redistribution. Contents of chlorinated hydrocarbons and some trace metals (lead, copper, cadmium and zinc) at several sampling sites exceeded concentrations classified as ÓhighÔ in the US National Status and Trends Program.
UDC 551.46:574
Ecological studies in the Strelok bay and Rifovaya inlet
/ Belan T. A. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 125-131.
Initial evaluation of the ecological status of the open part of Strelok Bay, Razboynik and Rifovaya Inlets which differ in anthropogenic load were obtained. Quantitative and qualitative anomalies of macrozoobenthos communities were detected in Razboynik Inlet where highest contents of pollutants in bottom sediments were also observed. Background concentrations of trace metals and petroleum hydrocarbons in bottom sediments in Rifovaya Inlet were revealed. Benthic communities in Rifovaya Inlet were characterized by high species diversity as well as benthos biomass, and domination of non-tolerant species. Open part of Strelok Bay had intermediate characteristics of bottom communities and pollutants content.
UDC 574.5 (265.54)
Bivalve mussels studies in the Amursky bay
/ Olejnik E. V. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 131-136.
Sediments sampled in the Amursky Bay by research vessels of FERHRI in 1986-1994 for benthos biomass were analyzed. Average benthos biomass in the area adjacent to Vladivostok was found to drop twofold in comparison with the rest part of the Bay. Portion of bivalve mussels there made up 8% while in the area remote from the city it was 50%. Pessimistic forecast is made for the coastal area adjacent to Vladivostok on the evolution of bivalve mussels with their gradual degradation under anthropogenic pressure.
UDC 591.526 (571.642)
Contemporary status and anthropogenic impact tendencies in the coastal fauna complex of oil-fields of northern Sakhalin
/ Voronov G. A. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 136-151.
Contemporary population number, density and potential reproduction rate of 10 hunting mammals (sable, fox, otter, American mink, brown bear, reindeer, squirrel, white hare, ermine) and 5 rodents (red and reddish-gray field voles, mouse, chipmunk, gray rat) belonging to the coastal fauna of oil productive zones of northern Sakhalin are described. Main anthropogenic factors impacting the habitats of the mentioned animals in course of oil production are determined. Dependence of drops in density and population number upon anthropogenic impact intensity is described.
UDC 551.515.2
New statistical regressive technique to forecast typhoon migration, pressure in the center, maximal wind, and zones with strong, stormy, and maximal winds
/ Tunegolovets V. P. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 152-159.
Improved method of typhoon migration forecast developed at FERHRI in 1996 and based on a plural spacing regression is described. New version applies dicriminantal function for division of tropical cyclones into types at the early stage of their development and consequent calculation of cyclone parameters over more than 200 regressive equations 12-72 hours in advance. Forecasts of typhoon migration over this method are estimated as good, forecasts of intensity indicators as satisfactory. Best forecasts were made for open sea areas where cyclones enter the zone of moderate latitudes.
UDC 681.3.06 (265.53)
Information-analytical system of operational analysis of sea situations
/ Savel'yev V. Yu. Khramushin N. V. // FERHRI Proceedings, Specialized Issue. 1998. P. 159-170.
Research and applied problems an information-analytical system can help to solve are considered. Existing information systems developed by various Russian and western companies with their strong and weak points are reviewed. Basic mathematical and programming principles realized in the information-analytical system adapted to the sea adjacent to Sakhalin are described. Some examples of calculations and screen visualization of dynamic sea surface characteristics of Sakhalin shelf, its Okhotsk Sea part, are demonstrated.